Comparative genomics using targeted BAC based FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) probes, is generally restricted to closely related species due to extensive sequence divergence between distantly related species. The ability to identify precise regions of homology between species (for genome mapping, phylogenomics and genome organisation studies) and the ability to anchor genomic sequence data to chromosomes (for chromosome assembly) is therefore restricted.
To overcome these difficulties, we developed a set of universal avian BAC probes, selected through the identification of evolutionary conserved regions. This BAC set was then used to upgrade the genomes of 5 avian species to a chromosome-level. Successful hybridisation of these probes to a further ~30 avian species revealed genome-wide patterns of chromosome stability and rearrangement between species. In addition, the probes successfully hybridized on non-avian reptile species (turtles and anole lizard) revealing a level of genome conservation extending far beyond birds.
Further, we applied the approach developed for avian probes to the selection of BACs from the cattle and human genome with the aim of generating a universal mammalian BAC set. Selection criteria were validated by testing probes on species at key nodes of the phylogenetic tree. Hybridisations were achieved on species as diverse as horse (Equus ferus), dolphin (Tursiops aduncus), bat (Lophostoma silvicolum) and lemur (Eulemur macaco).
These preliminary results illustrate that our combined FISH-bioinformatics approach is also applicable to mammals. Development of a universal BAC set therefore permits cross-species sequence anchoring and comparative genomic research at a higher resolution than previously possible, providing new insight into the nature of genomic evolution and genomic stability.
Comparative genomics using targeted BAC based FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) probes, is generally restricted to closely related species due to extensive sequence divergence between distantly related species. The ability to identify precise regions of homology between species (for genome mapping, phylogenomics and genome organisation studies) and the ability to anchor genomic sequence data to chromosomes (for chromosome assembly) is therefore restricted.
To overcome these difficulties, we developed a set of universal avian BAC probes, selected through the identification of evolutionary conserved regions. This BAC set was then used to upgrade the genomes of 5 avian species to a chromosome-level. Successful hybridisation of these probes to a further ~30 avian species revealed genome-wide patterns of chromosome stability and rearrangement between species. In addition, the probes successfully hybridized on non-avian reptile species (turtles and anole lizard) revealing a level of genome conservation extending far beyond birds.
Further, we applied the approach developed for avian probes to the selection of BACs from the cattle and human genome with the aim of generating a universal mammalian BAC set. Selection criteria were validated by testing probes on species at key nodes of the phylogenetic tree. Hybridisations were achieved on species as diverse as horse (Equus ferus), dolphin (Tursiops aduncus), bat (Lophostoma silvicolum) and lemur (Eulemur macaco).
2B9 - Building 2
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