PBI-DdeI centromeric satellite DNA (stDNA) was found in Burmese Python (Python bivittatus) and conserved in diverse Python species with different chromosomal location and copy number. Filter hybridization and molecular cloning were performed on 40 snake species (representing 10 families) to extensively investigate levels of conservation and organization of PBI-DdeI in snake lineage. An intense positive hybridization signal was only observed in P. bivittatus. PCR detection with specific PBI-DdeI primers resulted in a ladder-like pattern of DNA bands typical of stDNAs in 15 snake species. This pattern was based on repetition of the 186–209 bp monomer unit and 98 new monomer units sequences were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis showed three PBI-DdeI subfamilies, with most PBI-DdeI sequences grouped in their respective species, except for Ahaetulla prasina. PBI-DdeI sequences of henophidian and caenophidian snakes were positionally mixed in all subfamilies, suggesting that PBI-DdeI centromeric satellite DNA was acquired in the ancestral snake genome. The sequences then evolved gradually through nucleotide substitution and homogenized to become concomitantly fixed at the species level. Measurements of stDNA copy number with quantitative real-time PCR revealed different PBI-DdeI copy numbers in each species with high copy numbers found in P. bivittatus, Ophiophagus hannah and A. prasina genomes, suggesting that diverse PBI-DdeI subfamilies coexist in the genomes of related species with rapid independent amplification among species following the library model. PBI-DdeI was localized to the centromeric region of several chromosomes in Naja kaouthia, differing in the chromosomal location of PBI-DdeI in P. bivittatus. These results collectively indicate that PBI-DdeI was dispersed in the ancestral snake genome and subsequently amplified on different chromosomes independently in each species.
PBI-DdeI centromeric satellite DNA (stDNA) was found in Burmese Python (Python bivittatus) and conserved in diverse Python species with different chromosomal location and copy number. Filter hybridization and molecular cloning were performed on 40 snake species (representing 10 families) to extensively investigate levels of conservation and organization of PBI-DdeI in snake lineage. An intense positive hybridization signal was only observed in P. bivittatus. PCR detection with specific PBI-DdeI primers resulted in a ladder-like pattern of DNA bands typical of stDNAs in 15 snake species. This pattern was based on repetition of the 186–209 bp monomer unit and 98 new monomer units sequences were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis showed three PBI-DdeI subfamilies, with most PBI-DdeI sequences grouped in their respective species, except for Ahaetulla prasina. PBI-DdeI sequences of henophidian and caenophidian snakes were positionally mixed in all subfamilies, suggesting that PBI-DdeI centromeric satellite DNA was acquired in the ancestral snake genome. The sequences then evolved gradually through nucleotide substitution and homogenized to become concomitantly fixed at the species level. Measurements of stDNA copy number with quantitative real-time PCR revealed different PBI-DdeI copy numbers in each species with high copy numbers found in P. bivittatus, Ophiophagus hannah and A. prasina genomes, suggesting that diverse PBI-DdeI subfamilies coexist in the genomes of related species with rapid independent amplification among species following the library model. PBI-DdeI was localized to the centromeric region of several chromosomes in Naja kaouthia, dif ...
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