Agamid lizards (Squamata: Agamidae) are karytoptically heterogeneous. This family has 480 species under six subfamilies and are distributed in Asia (including Indo-Australian Archipelago), Australasia and Africa. In Australia, there are 89 species within 14 genera from subfamily Amphibolurinae are currently described. This group is also well known for having diverse mode of sex determination mechanism including genotypic (GSD), Temperature dependent sex determination (TSD) and GSD with temperature overrides. These lizards, particularly, the Australian species have shown evolutionary lability in sex determination mechanisms with a number of recent transitions within GSDs and between GSD and TSDs. Approximately, one quarter of the agamid species have been karyotyped and heteromorphic sex chromosomes have only been identified in 9 species. Most dragons have microchromosomes as sex chromosomes, which are crytptic, while only one species reported to have macro chromosomes as sex chromosomes and all species have female heterogamety (ZZ/ZW). Grassland Earless Dragon Tympanocryptis pinguicolla is an Australian Agamid lizard that is a grassland specialist species and considered as an Endangered species in Australia. Phylogenetically and cytologically, it is a sister species of well-characterized Pogona vitticeps. The species has been karyotyped but sex determination mechanism and sex chromosome are still unknown. Here, we applied advanced molecular cytgenetics techniques and cross species chromosome painting to identify sex chromosomes in this species. Preliminary data suggests that this species possess a female heterogamety with a pair of micro chromosome being their sex chromosomes as in P. vitticeps with certain degrees of homology.
Agamid lizards (Squamata: Agamidae) are karytoptically heterogeneous. This family has 480 species under six subfamilies and are distributed in Asia (including Indo-Australian Archipelago), Australasia and Africa. In Australia, there are 89 species within 14 genera from subfamily Amphibolurinae are currently described. This group is also well known for having diverse mode of sex determination mechanism including genotypic (GSD), Temperature dependent sex determination (TSD) and GSD with temperature overrides. These lizards, particularly, the Australian species have shown evolutionary lability in sex determination mechanisms with a number of recent transitions within GSDs and between GSD and TSDs. Approximately, one quarter of the agamid species have been karyotyped and heteromorphic sex chromosomes have only been identified in 9 species. Most dragons have microchromosomes as sex chromosomes, which are crytptic, while only one species reported to have macro chromosomes as sex chromosomes and all species have female heterogamety (ZZ/ZW). Grassland Earless Dragon Tympanocryptis pinguicolla is an Australian Agamid lizard that is a grassland specialist species and considered as an Endangered species in Australia. Phylogenetically and cytologically, it is a sister species of well-characterized Pogona vitticeps. The species has been karyotyped but sex determination mechanism and sex chromosome are still unknown. Here, we applied advanced molecular cytgenetics techniques and cross species chromosome painting to identify sex chromosomes in this species. Preliminary data suggests that this species possess a female heterogamety with a pair of micro chromosome being their sex chromosomes as in P. vitticeps with certain degrees of homology.
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